Core jargon for software architecture, delivery, and engineering culture.
A data structure the database maintains alongside a table to speed up queries on specific columns, at the cost of slower writes and more storage.
A versioned, usually irreversible script that changes a database's schema or data — adding a column, renaming a table, backfilling values.
Structuring a relational database to eliminate redundancy by storing each fact in exactly one place and referencing it by key everywhere else.
A library that maps database tables to code objects, letting you query and manipulate data using the language's own constructs instead of writing raw SQL.
The declared structure of a data store or message — what fields exist, what types they are, and what constraints apply.